Private 1st Class William W. Lewandowski (1925–1944)

William W. Lewandowski c. 1944 (Courtesy of the Delaware Public Archives)
HometownCivilian Occupation
Wilmington, DelawareWorker at Bellanca Aircraft Corporation and Ace Theatre
BranchService Numbers
U.S. Army20256020 / 12211884
TheaterUnit
EuropeanService Battery, 687th Field Artillery Battalion
Military Occupational SpecialtyEntered the Service From
504 (ammunition handler)Wilmington, Delaware

Early Life & Family

William Lewandowski was born on the evening of June 23, 1925, at 307 South Jackson Street in Wilmington, Delaware. He was the second child of Zygmund (Frank) M. Lewandowski (c. 1901–1950) and Helen Lewandowski (née Gawronski, c. 1905–1994). His father, a World War I veteran, was a truck driver who later worked as a meat store salesman and eventually as a shipyard welder. Lewandowski had an older sister, a younger sister, and a younger brother. He was Catholic.

The Lewandowski family was recorded on the census in April 1930 living at 1100 Linden Street in Wilmington. Census records indicate that Lewandowski’s father was living in Baltimore, Maryland, as of April 1, 1935, while the rest of the family were living in Wilmington on that date. By the time of the next census in April 1940, the family had moved to 812 Anchorage Street in Wilmington. That remained Lewandowski’s address until he entered the service.

Lewandowski’s enlistment data card described him as a semiskilled welder or flame cutter who had completed two years of high school. His wife’s statement for the State of Delaware Public Archives Commission stated that he worked in “All sorts of occupations.” Journal-Every Evening reported that Lewandowski “had formerly been employed at the Bellanca Aircraft Corporation and at the Ace Theatre.”


Military Career & Marriage

Lewandowski was only 15 years old and a member of Battery “A,” 198th Coast Artillery Regiment (Antiaircraft) when his unit was federalized in Wilmington on September 16, 1940. Lewandowski soon moved with his unit to Camp Upton, New York. Rosters indicate that by October 31, 1940, he had been promoted to private 1st class, but he was back to private by November 30, 1940. On March 26, 1941, the 198th moved to Camp Edwards, Massachusetts.

Lewandowski’s name does not appear on Battery “A,” rosters from April, May, or June 1941, but reappears on the July 1941 roster. Since the Battery “A” morning reports for the period appear to be missing, his movements during that period are unclear. For unknown reasons—perhaps his true age came out—he was discharged from the Army on August 30, 1941.

Private Lewandowski (middle row, fourth from the left) in a group photo of Battery “A,” 198th Coast Artillery Regiment (Antiaircraft) in a 1940 Delaware National Guard yearbook (Historical and Pictorial Review of the National Guard State of Delaware 1940, Courtesy of the Delaware Military Museum)
Roster entry mentioning that Private Lewandowski was discharged on August 30, 1941 (National Archives)

Shortly before he turned 17, Lewandowski married Angelina Diaz (1924–1998) in Wilmington on June 5, 1942. Their marriage certificate contained some interesting fabrications, describing Lewandowski as an aviator born in Baltimore. The marriage certificate listed his birthdate as June 23, 1920, making him 21 rather than 16! His bride subtracted six months from her own birthdate to make it appear that she was 18 rather than 17.

Lewandowski’s enlistment data card indicates that he joined the U.S. Army’s Enlisted Reserve Corps (E.R.C.) when he was 17, this time giving accurate information about his age. Most voluntary enlistments in the U.S. armed forces had closed by executive order in late 1942, though prospective service members under 18 and over 37 could still volunteer. The Army encouraged youths to join the E.R.C. at 17. Lewandowski rejoined the U.S. Army in Camden, New Jersey, on June 18, 1943. He went on active duty shortly after he turned 18, on or about July 24, 1943, when he was attached along with other E.R.C. men to Company “C,” 1229th Reception Center, Fort Dix, New Jersey.

It appears that Private Lewandowski was permitted to skip basic training due to his prior service, and he volunteered for airborne training. At 0710 hours on August 19, 1943, he and five other men from his receiving company departed Fort Dix for The Parachute School (T.P.S.), Fort Benning, Georgia.

On August 22, 1943, Private Lewandowski was assigned by T.P.S. to the 513th Parachute Infantry Regiment (P.I.R.), also located at Benning. On August 29, 1943, Lewandowski was one of 23 men attached to Company “D,” 513th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 13th Airborne Division, in accordance with Special Orders No. 147, Headquarters 515th Parachute Infantry Regiment, dated August 25, 1943. If Lewandowski attended Jump School, it must have been while he was with the 513th and 515th P.I.R.s, a period one day shy of four weeks. On September 18, 1943, Lewandowski was transferred to the 542nd Parachute Infantry Regiment, also located at Fort Benning.

It is unclear if the transfer actually went through since Lewandowski was not listed in morning reports or special orders in which the men transferred from the 515th P.I.R. were assigned to individual companies within the 542nd P.I.R. If he did join the 542nd P.I.R., he did not remain with it for long. By September 24, 1943, he had been transferred to another unit at Fort Benning, the 515th Parachute Infantry Regiment. On September 26, 1943, he joined the 515th P.I.R.’s Company “G.”

For unknown reasons, Private Lewandowski did not remain with the airborne. On October 4, 1943, he and three men from his company were transferred to the 75th Infantry Division. The transfer orders, part of Special Orders No. 100, Headquarters 515th Parachute Infantry Regiment, dated September 27, 1943, listed his occupational specialty (M.O.S.) code as 641, field lineman. On October 6, 1943, he joined Battery “C,” 899th Field Artillery Battalion, 75th Infantry Division, at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri.

Private Lewandowski’s wife was pregnant when he went on active duty. In late 1943, she gave birth to their only child, Joyce Lewandowski. Journal-Every Evening reported that Lewandowski saw her only once before he went overseas.

Lewandowski with his wife and daughter (Courtesy of the Lewandowski family)

On June 3, 1944, Private Lewandowski transferred out of Battery “C” and was dispatched to Army Ground Forces Replacement Depot No. 1, Fort George G. Meade, Maryland. His wife wrote that Lewandowski was stationed at Camp Kilmer, New Jersey, until he shipped out of the New York Port of Embarkation on June 25, 1944. She wrote that he arrived in England in July 1944. That is consistent with available records, which state that he was attached to the 355th Replacement Company in England effective July 15, 1944. Later, he was briefly attached to the 48th Replacement Battalion.


Combat in the European Theater

On September 26, 1944, Private Lewandowski joined Service Battery, 687th Field Artillery Battalion, then stationed near Lesneven, France. At the time, his unit was in Brittany following the Battle of Brest. His military occupational specialty (M.O.S.) was listed as 641, field lineman.

Morning report mentioning that Private Lewandowski had joined Service Battery, 687th Field Artillery Battalion (National Archives, courtesy of Lori Berdak Miller)

The 687th Field Artillery Battalion was a non-divisional unit equipped with truck-drawn 105 mm howitzers. Service Battery was responsible for much of the battalion’s maintenance and supply needs. The battalion had arrived at Utah Beach on July 18, 1944, participating in the end of the Battle of Normandy and the siege of Brest later that summer. Service Battery suffered its first fatalities on September 11, 1944, when two men were killed by a land mine. The German garrison at Brest surrendered soon after.

Though the Allies liberated most of France during the summer of 1944, they eventually outran their supply lines. At the same time, the Germans stabilized their defenses after months of headlong retreat. After a brief period resting, training, and performing maintenance after the Battle of Brest, the 687th headed northeast, reaching Belgium on October 1. After a few more short-duration attachments in September 1944, the 687th was attached back to the 8th Infantry Division on October 2. The battalion entered Luxembourg two days later.

Morning report recording Lewandowski’s change of M.O.S. (National Archives, courtesy of Lori Berdak Miller)

It appears that Lewandowski was promoted to private 1st class in October 1944. A morning report dated November 1, 1944, stated that Private 1st Class Lewandowski’s M.O.S. had changed to 504, ammunition handler. These men were assigned to Service Battery’s ammunition train, which transferred artillery shells by truck to the battalions’ firing batteries.

The 687th Field Artillery Battalion remained in low intensity combat during October and November 1944, but the lines were relatively static in their sector. The battalion was attached to the 28th Infantry Division on November 19, 1944.

Private 1st Class Lewandowski (circled at center) in a photo taken at the Weber-Dudzinski wedding on November 25, 1944 (Courtesy of the Dudzinski family)

While his unit was stationed nearby, Lewandowski befriended a couple in Diekirch, Luxembourg, and later was best man at their wedding on November 25, 1944. The bride, Annie Weber (1921–2019), was a local civilian, while the groom, Czeslaw Dudzinski (1921–1978), had immigrated to Luxembourg from Poland in 1937. The couple’s grandson recalls: “According to my grandmother, the bond developed so quickly that Bill and other GIs, but especially Bill, came and went almost every day as if he had always been part of the family.”

On December 16, 1944, the 687th Field Artillery Battalion was on the receiving end of a German artillery barrage that signaled the beginning of an enemy counteroffensive through the Ardennes that came to be known as the Battle of the Bulge. The following day, December 17, the unit’s air section narrowly avoided capture as the enemy attacked their airstrip. The liaison pilot attacked enemy armor with a bazooka mounted on his light aircraft before evacuating to Wiltz. The entire battalion had to move positions in the face of the swift German advance. Service Battery moved to Eschdorf that evening, where they linked up with the 103rd Engineer Combat Battalion.

Staff Sergeant Nels C. Block, Jr. (1919–2010) of the 687th Field Artillery Battalion receiving orders during a snowstorm in Belgium on January 8, 1945, during the closing days of the Battle of the Bulge. One of the battalion’s 105 mm howitzers is visible in the background. (Official U.S. Army Signal Corps photo 111-SC-417563, National Archives)

On the morning of December 19, 1944, Service Battery and the 103rd moved to Sibret, Belgium. (The unit history narrative is unclear, but they may have moved to nearby Jodenville, Belgium, the same day.) Shortly after midnight on December 20, Batteries “B,” “C,” and Headquarters Battery came under attack by German paratroopers at Poteau de Harlange, Luxembourg. Two men were killed and dozens captured during the frenzied battle that followed. The American survivors withdrew west to Jodenville without most of their vehicles and equipment. Although 10 of their howitzers were abandoned during the retreat, subsequently six “were recovered and [of those] 4 put into firing order.”

Officially, Private 1st Class Lewandowski was killed in action on December 22, 1944. However, overwhelming evidence indicates he was one of two men from the 687th killed at Poteau de Harlange on December 20, 1944. A unit journal entry stated of that date: “1 Off. KIA.  1 Sv Btry EM [enlisted man] who was at the Bn CP [battalion command post] at time of attack was KIA.”

Morning report that listed Private 1st Class Lewandowski as killed in action. He was almost certainly killed early on December 20, 1944, rather than December 22. (National Archives)

On December 29, 1944, the battalion commander “recovered the bodies of Capt [John E.] Reid and Pfc Lewandowski who had been killed in action at P617-472.” That coordinate is in the vicinity of Poteau de Harlange, from which the survivors of the unit had retreated from on December 20, 1944. On December 22—when Lewandowski was supposedly killed—those members of the 687th who had avoided capture were in Belgium, well west of where Lewandowski’s body was found. Lewandowski’s burial report states that he suffered a fatal chest wound.

Lewandowski was initially buried on January 1, 1945, at U.S. Military Cemetery No. 1 at Grand Failly, France. Journal-Every Evening reported on January 11, 1945, that Lewandowski was missing in action and confirmed his death on January 19, 1945.

After the war, in 1948, Lewandowski’s mother requested that his body be repatriated to the United States for burial at Arlington National Cemetery. She subsequently changed her mind and requested that his body be returned to Wilmington for private burial.

Following funeral services at his mother’s home, 814 Anchorage Street, and a requiem mass at Saint Hedwig’s Catholic Church on January 8, 1949, Lewandowski was buried at nearby Cathedral Cemetery.

Angelina Lewandowski remarried in Wilmington on November 25, 1945, to Paul Charles Deputy (1922–2001), a U.S. Army sergeant who had also worked at Bellanca. Lewandowski’s younger brother, John F. Lewandowski (1933–1974), served in the U.S. Navy during the Korean War.


Notes

Middle Name

Curiously, there are two copies of Lewandowski’s birth certificate on file at the Delaware Public Archives. The first, which seems to have been contemporary, listed his name as William Frank Lewandowski. The middle name was crossed out and W. added in its place. The second seems to have been filed in 1941. The information is largely the same, giving his full name as William W. Lewandowski, though his father’s occupation was changed from truck driver to laborer.

Oddly enough, his marriage certificate listed his name as William F. Lewandowski. His wife’s statement gave his name as William Walter Lewandowski, and he served in the U.S. Army under the name William W. Lewandowski.

Stateside Unit

The only unit that Lewandowski’s wife listed for December 1943 through June 1944 was Company “A,” 788th or 288th Regiment, 75th Infantry Division. The 75th Infantry Division was at Fort Leonard Wood and Camp Breckinridge (where she stated that he was stationed during those times), but had no battalion or regiment with the numbers 788 or 288. There was no 288th or 788th Infantry or Field Artillery Regiments in the U.S. Army at all, so the statement must be in error. The 75th Infantry Division consisted of the 289th, 290th, and 291st Infantry Regiments along with four battalions of artillery and various other supporting units.


Acknowledgments

Special thanks to the Lewandowski and Dudzinski families and the Delaware Public Archives for the use of their photos, and to Lori Berdak Miller at Redbird Research for morning reports that were vital in reconstructing Lewandowski’s military career.


Bibliography

“4 Delaware Men Killed; Two Missing.” Journal-Every Evening, January 19, 1945. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/121670919/william-lewandowski-killed/

Application for Headstone or Marker for William W. Lewandowski. Applications for Headstones, January 1, 1925 – June 30, 1970. Record Group 92, Records of the Office of the Quartermaster General, 1774–1985. National Archives at St. Louis, Missouri. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2375/images/40050_2421406260_0401-02420

Census Record for William Lewandowski. April 5, 1940. Sixteenth Census of the United States, 1940. Record Group 29, Records of the Bureau of the Census. National Archives at Washington, D.C. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9MR-9XD

Census Record for William Lewandowski. April 9, 1930. Fifteenth Census of the United States, 1930. Record Group 29, Records of the Bureau of the Census. National Archives at Washington, D.C. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9R4C-XRQ

Certificate of Birth for Angelina Diaz. September 1924. Record Group 1500-008-094, Birth certificates. Delaware Public Archives, Dover, Delaware. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GYQM-3RWB

Certificate of Birth for William W. Lewandowski. Undated, c. March 1941. Record Group 1500-008-094, Birth certificates. Delaware Public Archives, Dover, Delaware. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GYQM-3BQG

Certificate of Birth for William W. Lewandowski. Undated, c. June 1925. Record Group 1500-008-094, Birth certificates. Delaware Public Archives, Dover, Delaware. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33SQ-GYQM-3B4G

Certificate of Death for Frank Zygmond Lewandowski. October 12, 1950. Delaware Death Records. Bureau of Vital Statistics, Hall of Records, Dover, Delaware. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HT-D4XS-1XQ

Certificate of Marriage for William F. Lewandowski and Angelina Diaz. June 5, 1942. Delaware Marriages. Bureau of Vital Statistics, Hall of Records, Dover, Delaware. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:S3HY-X3WR-TQ, https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-8BC2-4PJ

Enlistment Record for William W. Lewandowski. June 18, 1943. World War II Army Enlistment Records. Record Group 64, Records of the National Archives and Records Administration. National Archives at College Park, Maryland. https://aad.archives.gov/aad/record-detail.jsp?dt=929&mtch=1&cat=all&tf=F&q=12211884&bc=&rpp=10&pg=1&rid=70380

Enlistment Record for William W. Lewandowski. September 16, 1940. World War II Army Enlistment Records. Record Group 64, Records of the National Archives and Records Administration. National Archives at College Park, Maryland. https://aad.archives.gov/aad/record-detail.jsp?dt=893&mtch=1&cat=all&tf=F&q=20256020&bc=&rpp=10&pg=1&rid=1897883

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Lay, R. C. “History of the 687th Field Artillery Battalion During the Period 16 July to 31 July 1944 Inclusive.” 1944. World War II Operations Reports, 1940–48. Record Group 407, Records of the Adjutant General’s Office. National Archives at College Park, Maryland.

Lay, R. C. “History of the 687th Field Artillery Battalion During the Period 1 September to 30 September 1944 Inclusive.” 1944. World War II Operations Reports, 1940–48. Record Group 407, Records of the Adjutant General’s Office. National Archives at College Park, Maryland.

Lewandowski, Angelina Diaz. Individual Military Service Record for William Walter Lewandowski. October 1945. Record Group 1325-003-053, Record of Delawareans Who Died in World War II. Delaware Public Archives, Dover, Delaware. https://cdm16397.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p15323coll6/id/19663/rec/1

McManus, John C. “Battle of the Bulge: 687th Field Artillery Battalion’s Stand at the Crossroads Cafe.” World War II, March 2007. https://www.historynet.com/battle-of-the-bulge-687th-field-artillery-battalions-stand-at-the-crossroads-cafe-2/

“Monthly Personnel Roster Aug 31 1941 Battery A 198th Coast Arty.” August 31, 1941. U.S. Army Muster Rolls and Rosters, November 1, 1912 – December 31, 1943. Record Group 64, Records of the National Archives and Records Administration. National Archives at St. Louis, Missouri. https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/st-louis/rg-064/85713803_1940-1943/85713803_1940-1943_Roll-0494/85713803_1940-1943_Roll-0494_14.pdf

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“Pfc W. W. Lewandowski.” Journal-Every Evening, January 5, 1949. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/121670066/william-lewandowski-funeral/

Rottman, Gordon L. US Airborne Units in the Mediterranean Theater 1942–44. Osprey Publishing, 2006.

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“State Soldier Dies in Blast; Two Missing.” Journal-Every Evening, January 11, 1945. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/121671322/william-lewandowski-missing/

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Last updated on January 2, 2025

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One thought on “Private 1st Class William W. Lewandowski (1925–1944)

  1. Lloyd Adams's avatar Lloyd Adams

    Let me congratulate you on such a detailed and documented article about William W Lewandowski.

    My name is Lloyd Adams, Sr. and I am married to Joyce Lewandowski, Williams daughter.

    I have a studio photograph of Angie, William and Joyce, if you are interested.

    I can be reached at [cell] or [email].

    PS:I do not answer phone numbers that I don’t recognize. Leave a message.

    Rregards. Lloyd

    Like

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